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Hemorrhage, or an increase in bleeding, is an important and well-recognized adverse effect of anticoagulants. Anticoagulants are medications that work by inhibiting certain clotting factors in the blood, which helps prevent the formation of blood clots. While this is beneficial in many situations, it also increases the risk of excessive bleeding, which can occur spontaneously or as a result of injury.

Monitoring patients on anticoagulants is essential to ensure that their blood's clotting ability remains within a safe range. Signs of hemorrhage can include unusual bruising, prolonged bleeding from cuts, blood in urine or stool, and severe headaches. Healthcare providers must educate patients about these risks and advise them on when to seek emergency care.

Other options presented, such as dry mouth, chest pain, and nausea, may occur with various medications but are not characteristic adverse effects specifically related to anticoagulants. Understanding the specific risks associated with anticoagulant therapy is critical for safe medication administration and patient safety.